دراسة تكشف أسباب إصابة الرجال بأمراض القلب قبل النساء

متابعة – الخبر العراقي

كشفت دراسة علمية حديثة أن الرجال أكثر عرضة للإصابة بأمراض القلب، ولا سيما النوبات القلبية، في سن مبكرة مقارنة بالنساء، حيث تبدأ الفجوة الصحية بين الجنسين بالظهور منذ منتصف الثلاثينيات من العمر.
ووفقاً لجامعة نورث وسترن الأميركية، فإن الرجال يبدأون بتطوير مرض الشريان التاجي قبل النساء بعدة سنوات، وهو ما يفسر ارتفاع معدلات الإصابة المبكرة لديهم.
واعتمدت الدراسة على بيانات أكثر من 5 آلاف مشارك من الجنسين، تمت متابعتهم منذ شبابهم في إطار دراسة CARDIA طويلة الأمد، والتي تابعت تطور مخاطر أمراض القلب حتى عام 2020.
وأظهرت النتائج أن الرجال يصلون إلى معدل إصابة يبلغ 5% بأمراض القلب والأوعية الدموية عند سن 50 عاماً تقريباً، بينما تبلغ النساء النسبة نفسها في سن 57 عاماً، وكان مرض الشريان التاجي العامل الأبرز وراء هذا الفرق، إذ ظهر لدى الرجال قبل أكثر من 10 سنوات مقارنة بالنساء.
وأشار الباحثون إلى أن مخاطر الإصابة لدى الرجال تبدأ بالارتفاع بوتيرة أسرع ابتداءً من سن 35 عاماً، ما يثير تساؤلات حول توقيت الفحوصات الوقائية التي تُجرى عادة بعد سن الأربعين، والتي قد تكون متأخرة عن مرحلة الوقاية المثلى.
وأكدت الباحثة الرئيسية في الدراسة، أليكسا فريدمان، أن أمراض القلب تتطور على مدى سنوات طويلة، ويمكن رصد مؤشرات مبكرة لها منذ مرحلة الشباب، مشددة على أهمية تعزيز الفحوصات المبكرة، خصوصاً لدى الرجال.
بدوره، أوضح اختصاصي أمراض القلب أندرو فريدمان أن نمط الحياة الحديث، بما يشمله من قلة الحركة، وسوء التغذية، والتوتر، وقلة النوم، إلى جانب العوامل البيئية، يسهم في ارتفاع معدلات الإصابة المبكرة بأمراض القلب.
وشدد الخبراء على ضرورة تبني أسلوب حياة صحي للوقاية، يشمل تحسين النظام الغذائي، وممارسة النشاط البدني بانتظام، وإدارة التوتر، والنوم الكافي، إلى جانب معالجة عوامل الخطر مثل ارتفاع ضغط الدم والكوليسترول والسمنة، مؤكدين أن الوقاية المبكرة باتت أكثر إلحاحاً من أي وقت مضى.

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